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ABOUT SYSTEMATIC HERITAGE OF THE CLASSICAL GERMAN PHILOSOPHY IN TRANSCENDENTAL PHENOMENOLOGY
(WITH EMPHASIS ON CONCEPT OF REALITY)

Abstract
In this paper, I focus on the link between Husserl and Classical German Philosophy on the concept of reality. The aim of my study is this: explore the phenomenological concept of reality and strengthen the phenomenological standpoint within the contemporary discussion about «realism». After trying to outline a general characterization of «reality», I extract the core question of Kant's approach of this perspective, namely: how is it possible to legitimate the possibility of reality thanks to a priori forms of understanding? The phenomenological answer is prepared by developing the very essence of Fichte's and Schelling's discussion on transcendental idealism, on the one hand, and a response to Meillassoux's critique of «correlationism», on the other. The heart of my demonstration consists then in the attempt to show that the transcendental constitution of reality — that entails a «new ontology» (Levinas), characterized both by the «constitution of consciousness» and the «foundation of being» — leans on Husserl's conception of truth, and especially on the link between the determination of reality and the apprehension of truth. Furthermore, it brings into play a mediation in which the real determinations of the constituted being have themselves an effect on this transcendental constitution; and it implies that the legitimation of this mediation is based on a transcendental («reflexible») reduplication that makes the possibilisation itself possible. Thus, the concept of reality contains a legitimation of necessity that recurs both to Schelling and to Fichte (whose influences on Husserl's phenomenology are obviously systematical rather than historical).

Key words
Reality, transcendentalism, truth, ontology, mediation, Kant, Fichte, Schelling, Husserl.

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